What condition is characterized by a 'butterfly rash'?

The condition characterized by a 'butterfly rash' is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This distinctive rash appears across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly. It is often one of the hallmark clinical features of SLE and is associated with the autoimmune nature of the disease, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues. The butterfly rash, or malar rash, can be triggered or exacerbated by sun exposure and is a visible manifestation of the underlying inflammation that occurs in lupus.

In addition to the rash, SLE can affect multiple organ systems, leading to various symptoms and complications. The presentation of this rash is significant in a clinical context, aiding healthcare professionals in diagnosing SLE and monitoring disease activity. Other skin manifestations associated with SLE can also occur, but the butterfly rash specifically is a strong indicator of this particular condition.