What is the primary imaging modality used to diagnose pulmonary embolism?

The primary imaging modality used to diagnose pulmonary embolism is CT pulmonary angiography. This technique is highly effective because it provides a detailed view of the pulmonary arteries and can directly visualize any emboli that may be obstructing blood flow. The high sensitivity and specificity of CT pulmonary angiography make it the preferred method for evaluating suspected pulmonary embolism in clinical practice.

In addition to its diagnostic capabilities, the rapid acquisition of images allows for quick decision-making in critical situations. The contrast agent used during the procedure enhances the visibility of blood vessels, providing clear delineation of any blockages or abnormal flow patterns.

Other imaging modalities such as X-ray may show indirect signs of pulmonary embolism but are not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis. MRI, while useful in some areas of pulmonary assessment, is not commonly used for this purpose due to practical limitations and longer acquisition times. Ultrasound is primarily utilized for evaluating venous thrombosis in the lower extremities and is not a first-line diagnostic tool for pulmonary embolism itself. Therefore, CT pulmonary angiography stands out as the mainstay in the prompt diagnosis of this critical condition.