What is the primary use of measuring pregnancy-associated plasma protein A concentration?

Measuring pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) concentration is primarily utilized in the context of screening for chromosomal disorders, particularly during the first trimester of pregnancy. PAPP-A is a protein produced by the placenta, and its levels can be indicative of the health of the pregnancy as well as potential aneuploidies, such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Trisomy 18.

In the first trimester screening process, both PAPP-A and other markers are examined alongside maternal age and ultrasound measurements to assess the risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. Lower levels of PAPP-A have been associated with a higher risk of down syndrome and other genetic disorders. This screening is non-invasive and helps inform further diagnostic options if necessary.

While monitoring fetal well-being during labor, evaluating maternal health during pregnancy, and diagnosing pregnancy complications are important aspects of obstetric care, they do not specifically center around the function of PAPP-A, which is primarily focused on genetic screening in the early stages of pregnancy.