What is the typical radiological finding of bowel volvulus?

The typical radiological finding of bowel volvulus is characterized by the "coffee bean appearance." This appearance results from the twisting of a loop of intestine that obstructs the lumen, causing it to distend with gas. On an abdominal X-ray, this manifests as a classic shape resembling a coffee bean, often with a central area of accumulated gas. The distinctive shape can help clinicians identify volvulus quickly, allowing for timely intervention.

The other findings mentioned in the options relate to different gastrointestinal conditions. For instance, air-fluid levels may suggest bowel obstruction or ileus, free air under the diaphragm typically indicates perforation of a hollow viscera, and thickened bowel wall usually points toward inflammatory conditions such as Crohn's disease or infection, rather than volvulus specifically. Recognizing the coffee bean appearance is vital for proper diagnosis and management of volvulus.