What physical examination finding is typically associated with a posterior shoulder dislocation?

In a posterior shoulder dislocation, the most characteristic physical examination finding is a prominent coracoid process. This occurs due to the positioning of the shoulder and the dislocation itself, where the head of the humerus is positioned posteriorly, causing anatomical changes in the surrounding tissues.

On physical examination, patients may present with a notable prominence of the coracoid process as the usual alignment of the shoulder is altered. This is often accompanied by other findings such as the inability to externally rotate the shoulder and an arm that may appear adducted and internally rotated as a consequence of the dislocation.

Recognition of a prominent coracoid process can be critical for diagnosis, as it differentiates a posterior dislocation from other shoulder injuries, where this finding would not typically be present. Understanding the implications of this physical examination finding can lead to appropriate diagnostic imaging and management for the affected individual.